H\u1ee9a Kim Oanh, \u0110H S\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m tp.HCM (8\/2011)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ecba danh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t An Giang c\u00f3 t\u1eeb khi n\u00e0o v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n qua th\u1eddi gian? Nh\u1eefng ai ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Giang c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng ai t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn An Giang c\u00f3 khi n\u00e0o h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn? T\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c t\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t An Giang n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Khmer \u2013 T\u1ea7m Phong Long, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p (Campuchia ng\u00e0y nay). T\u1ea7m Phong Long, theo gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng S\u1ec3n, \u00e2m\/T\u1ea7m Phong Long\/xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb “Kompong Lu\u00f4ng\u201d c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Khmer, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ebfn, v\u0169ng, s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vua. Theo gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vua Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vua v\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t T\u1ea7m Phong Long thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1757 do vua Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p l\u00e0 N\u1eb7c T\u00f4n d\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p n\u1ed5i l\u00ean c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1n. Cai c\u01a1 Nguy\u1ec5n C\u01b0 Trinh v\u00e2ng l\u1ec7nh Ch\u00faa ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 chia v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh 3 \u0111\u1ea1o : \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u00f4ng Kh\u1ea9u \u1edf x\u1ee9 Sa \u0110\u00e9c, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o T\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u \u1edf x\u1ee9 c\u00f9 lao Di\u1ebfn (hay c\u00f9 lao Gi\u00eang) tr\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Giang, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c \u1edf x\u1ee9 Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c tr\u00ean H\u1eadu Giang, l\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n dinh Long H\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p, ch\u1eb7n gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i y\u1ebfu h\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t T\u1ea7m Phong Long r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia c\u1eaft l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cho 3 t\u1ec9nh T\u00e2y Nam K\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Nam K\u1ef3 l\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ecba danh ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen thu\u1ed9c t\u00ean Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c h\u01a1n An Giang. V\u1eady n\u1ebfu ai n\u00f3i bi\u1ebft Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft An Giang th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 l\u1eafm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1808 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00ean g\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ecba danh An Giang ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1832, do vua Minh M\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, chia Nam K\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh 6 t\u1ec9nh. T\u1ec9nh An Giang trong Nam K\u1ef3 L\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, ph\u00eda b\u1eafc t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng Ti\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda nam s\u00f4ng c\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng (bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p, H\u1eadu Giang, C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, S\u00f3c Tr\u0103ng ng\u00e0y nay), ph\u00eda t\u00e2y gi\u00e1p ph\u1ee7 Nam Vang (tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 Cao Mi\u00ean nay l\u00e0 Campuchia) t\u1eeb c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng Ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng H\u1eadu v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p s\u00f4ng C\u00e1i B\u1ed3n (Ki\u00ean Giang).<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00ean g\u1ecdi An Giang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng an l\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i khi m\u00e0 vua Minh M\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di d\u00e2n kh\u1ea9n hoang l\u1eadp l\u00e0ng, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y khai ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sau khi Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nam K\u1ef3 l\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh, Ph\u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, n\u0103m 1899, Nam k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb 6 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh 19 t\u1ec9nh. T\u1ec9nh An Giang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh 5 t\u1ec9nh: Long Xuy\u00ean, Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c, Sa \u0110\u00e9c, C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, S\u00f3c Tr\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ecba danh An Giang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, 2 t\u1ec9nh Long Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cho t\u1ec9nh An Giang ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng 8\/1945, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1ee6y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u00ean g\u1ecdi theo \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec n\u01a1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Long Ch\u00e2u Ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Long Ch\u00e2u H\u1eadu, ph\u00e2n chia theo s\u00f4ng Ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng H\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong 2 n\u0103m 1950 \u2013 1951, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Long Ch\u00e2u Ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Long Ch\u00e2u H\u1eadu l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Long Ch\u00e2u H\u00e0 (s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp Long Ch\u00e2u H\u1eadu v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean) v\u00e0 Long Ch\u00e2u Sa (s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp t\u1ec9nh Sa \u0110\u00e9c v\u00e0o t\u1ec9nh Long Ch\u00e2u Ti\u1ec1n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1954, c\u00f3 2 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba danh cho v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t theo Ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed9t theo \u1ee6y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u00ec quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi Long Ch\u00e2u Ti\u1ec1n (ho\u1eb7c Long Ch\u00e2u H\u00e0), Long Ch\u00e2u H\u1eadu (ho\u1eb7c Long Ch\u00e2u Sa), c\u00f3 khi h\u1ecd nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn t\u00ean g\u1ecdi m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u0169. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn dung t\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u1ec9nh Long Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ebfn nay th\u00ec t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Long Ch\u00e2u Ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c Long Ch\u00e2u H\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00f3 khi nghe \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, n\u0103m 1956, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi An Giang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i, t\u1ec9nh An Giang bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ec9nh Long Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c (theo \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn 1954). Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1964 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975, t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh t\u1ec9nh Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh An Giang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Theo X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Nam k\u1ef3, n\u0103m 1954, l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Long Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c thay t\u1ec9nh Long Ch\u00e2u H\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Long Ch\u00e2u Sa. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1957, h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh Long Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ec9nh An Giang. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u00e1ch ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971, t\u1ec9nh An Giang t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh t\u1ec9nh An Giang v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Ch\u00e2u H\u00e0 (\u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c). \u0110\u1ebfn 1974, l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecba danh An Giang quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba danh Long Ch\u00e2u Ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Long Ch\u00e2u H\u00e0. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia ranh gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1975, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi An Giang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi An Giang ng\u00e0y nay c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, bao g\u1ed3m Long Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ecba danh An Giang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1832, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 1 trong 6 t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Nam K\u1ef3, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng hi\u1ec1n h\u00f2a v\u00e0 an l\u00e0nh, v\u00ec th\u1ebf qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u00e1ch nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng An Giang v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecba danh ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng an b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ecba danh h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fellmann et al. 1998, L\u00ea H\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Toponyms l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba danh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ghi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 l\u00fac thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay l\u00e0m sai \u0111i, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qua \u0111i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Toponomy, t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba danh h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n, m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, khi \u0111\u1ecba danh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh quan v\u0103n h\u00f3a (cultural landscape) ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i sau khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ra t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Anh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i l\u00e0 -chetster<\/em> nh\u01b0 Manchester v\u00e0 Winchester bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c ch\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Latinh castra<\/em>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 khu tr\u1ea1i. \u0110u\u00f4i g\u1ed1c Anglo-Saxon cho c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c hay d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u2013ing (ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh) ho\u1eb7c \u2013ham (x\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf) nh\u01b0 Birmingham v\u00e0 Gillingham. C\u00e1c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Scandinavia hay \u0110an M\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00eam c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i nh\u01b0 -thwaitc<\/em>(tr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf), –fell<\/em> (\u0111\u1ed3i hoang) v\u00e0 -beck<\/em> (v\u0169ng, ao). D\u00e2n Celtic, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi La M\u00e3 c\u1ea3 1000 n\u0103m c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00ean b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn sau th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng. D\u00e2n \u1ea2-r\u1eadp tr\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng B\u1eafc Phi v\u00e0 ch\u00e9o l\u00ean Iberia c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh ghi l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed chinh ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Cairo c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cchi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng\u201d, Sudan l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en\u201d, Sahara l\u00e0 \u201choang m\u1ea1c\u201d. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh T\u00e2y Ban Nha c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u201cm\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d trong ti\u1ebfng \u1ea2-r\u1eadp l\u00e0 wadi nh\u01b0 Guadalajara v\u00e0 Guadalquivir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00ean T\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc d\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean h\u1ecd nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 c\u0169 v\u00e0 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0, vinh danh ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c anh hung c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi sai t\u00ean do \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7t, theo tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Kinh Th\u00e1nh, nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ed5 d\u00e2n da \u0111\u1ecf. Qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong New England, New France, hay New Holland. Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh Boston, New Bern, New Rochelle, v\u00e0 Cardiff (t\u1eeb Anh, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 x\u1ee9 Wales). Ho\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Virginia cho n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh Elizabeth, Carolina cho m\u1ed9t vua Anh, Georgia cho m\u1ed9t vua Anh kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 Louisiana cho vua Ph\u00e1p. Washington, D.C., Jackson, Mississippi v\u00e0 Michigan, r\u1ed3i Austin, Texas v\u00e0 LinHoa<\/p>\n\n\n\n coln, Illinois \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb anh hung v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. T\u00ean do ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf New York b\u1ecb \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1eeb Breukelyn, Vlissingen v\u00e0 Haarlem th\u00e0nh Brooklyn, Flushing v\u00e0 Harlem. C\u00e1c t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hay d\u1ecbch sang, c\u00f2n t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, hay nh\u01b0 sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f4i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Hermosa Beach. T\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c da \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0 Yenrish, Maha v\u00e0 Kansa b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean qua ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh, th\u00e0nh Erie, Omaha v\u00e0 Kansas. R\u1ed3i tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u \u2018T\u00e1i c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n\u2019 cho ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean nh\u01b0 Troy, Athens, Roma v\u00e0 Sparta. Bethlehem, Ephrata, Nazareth v\u00e0 Salem \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Kinh Th\u00e1nh. T\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m di d\u00e2n sang ph\u00eda T\u00e2y Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ecba danh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3m 2 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 generic (mang t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i) v\u00e0 specific (mang t\u00ednh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t). Big River (S\u00f4ng C\u00e1i\/L\u1edbn) trong ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Rio Grande trong ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha, Mississippi trong ti\u1ebfng Algonquin v\u00e0 Ta Ho trong ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 cho ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ecba danh \u0111\u00f3. Trong ti\u1ebfng Anh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Hudson River, Bunker Hill, Long Island. C\u00f2n \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 River Rouge hay Isle Royale, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p – ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ean mang t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea7n d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. D\u00e2n c\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00eda B\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng t\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Lansing v\u00e0 East Lansing. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y Brook trong khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 New England, run t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef Midland, c\u00f2n bayou v\u00e0 branch l\u00e0 t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba danh theo m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 g\u1ecdi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c t\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb c\u1eaft ng\u1eafn, thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u00e2m sai. V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddI da \u0111\u1ecf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mesconsing t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 con song d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Lewis v\u00e0 Clark ghi th\u00e0nh Quisconsing, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh Wisconsin. Milwaukee v\u00e0 Winnipeg, Potomac v\u00e0 nigara, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a 27 trong s\u1ed1 50 bang c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecba danh B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, l\u1edbn l\u1eabn b\u00e9, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 t\u00e2y b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Canada, \u0111\u1ecba danh theo c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a th\u1ed5 d\u00e2n da \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Eskimo (Inuit) \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Frobisher Bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh Iqaluit (ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1) trong ti\u1ebfng Eskimo, Resolute Bay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Kaujuitok (n\u01a1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd m\u1ecdc) trong ti\u1ebfng Inuktitut, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Eskimo \u1edf Canada, c\u00f2n Jean Marie River th\u00e0nh Tthedzehk\u2019edeli (s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t) nh\u01b0 t\u00ean Slavey tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c t\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh khu r\u1eb1ng \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 mang t\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh trong ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ri\u00eang r\u1ebd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ri\u00eang v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Basques v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. C\u00e1c bang c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ranh gi\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Ba Lan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra \u1edf M\u1ef9 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf Ba Lan \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ba Lan trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xa l\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [1] T\u1eeb gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd nh\u00e2n v\u0103n (Human Geography: Landscapes of human activities) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Jerome Donald Fellmann, Arthur Getis v\u00e0 Judith Getis, NXB Surendra Kumar t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 5, 1998, \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ecba danh h\u1ecdc (Language on the Landscape: Toponymy), trang 154-155.<\/p>\n\n\n\n https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/vhlsangiang\/nghien-cuu-an-giang\/dhia-ly\/dhiadanhangiang?authuser=0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Post date: Mar 13, 2012 3:58:47 AM \u0110\u1ecaA DANH AN GIANG H\u1ee9a Kim Oanh, \u0110H S\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m tp.HCM (8\/2011) \u0110\u1ecba danh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t An Giang c\u00f3 t\u1eeb khi n\u00e0o v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n qua th\u1eddi gian? Nh\u1eefng ai ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Giang c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng ai t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn An Giang … \u0110\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ecba danh An Giang<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[50],"class_list":["post-727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-tam-phong-long"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/727","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=727"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/727\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.nguoianphu.com\/diadanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/9W8gnkv86KgFG5OxWX5At00N-tTyYKoHF13RPF4utwjkYfh9R113c81z41o_uUDl0I2meHX5x8VEJmjNLPc0FYbuzDugSOw-ilvfpZrQUVs=w1280\")